In the 50s of the last century Stanley organized home Miller in the laboratory received the amino a

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The problem of the appearance of living organisms is probably one of the most complex in modern science. For many years, scientists were only able to refute fantastic hypotheses and propose a number of experimentally verified theories of the origin of life on our planet. Success conditions - a big accident
Approximately 4 billion. Years ago our planet's atmosphere had no oxygen in the free form (he was a member only of the oxides). On Earth, organized home then there was not a single living organism, even bacteria. organized home Unfortunately, it is impossible to make a complete picture of what was happening in the world at that time, and about how she looked. This can only speculate as already collapsed even rocks that existed at the time. Trying to reproduce the process of the origin of life is only a laboratory experiment. In the laboratory, it is impossible to recreate organized home the conditions that accompanied organized home the emergence of the first organic compounds.
Stanley Miller - a recognized expert organized home in this field - believed that life originated at a time when organic molecules organized into structures capable of reproducing themselves. This statement is not objectionable in the scientific world. It is important to know under what conditions, and how there were organic molecules, for whatever organized home reason, they were organized into structures to create the basis for the emergence of living organisms. On this account, there are several theories.
According to one hypothesis, life originated in a piece of ice. Proponents of this hypothesis organized home believe that while on earth lyutovali cold. As is known, the effect of low temperatures makes more stable chemical compounds they accumulate in large quantities. Fragments of meteorites, organized home thermal emission sources and chemical organized home reactions under the influence of atmospheric electrical discharges organized home have become a source of ammonia, and organic compounds such as formaldehyde and cyanide. Getting into the water, they froze. In the ice molecules approach each other. They interact, and have resulted in amino acids (organic compounds), employees "building blocks" of proteins. Thickness organized home of ice on the surface organized home of the ocean protected them from the ravages of ultraviolet organized home radiation. According to the proponents of this hypothesis, the ice could melt, for example, as a result of the fall of a very large meteorite.
According to Charles Darwin, the environment in which life began, there was a small pond. It was closed in the waters of the reservoir organic substances can accumulate in sufficient quantities. Compounds accumulate on the surface of layered minerals that serve as catalysts, ie causes a corresponding reaction.
Supporters of the third version believe that the origin of life has become a cause volcanic activity. According to them, after the formation of the Earth on its surface poured streams of magma. They contain substances that served as the basis for the formation of organic molecules. Primordial soup
The main stages of the emergence of life, scientists have identified organized home Alexander Oparin and John. Bernal. Due to the absence of oxygen ultraviolet radiation reaching the ground smoothly. Under his influence, as well as under the influence of lightning and high temperatures in areas of volcanic activity of hydrogen, methane, ammonia, water vapor formed organic compounds.
In the 50s of the last century Stanley organized home Miller in the laboratory received the amino acids that are expected to mark the beginning of life. In the experiment, we used a system of flasks. One of them was designed to produce an electrical discharge very high power, simulating lightning discharges. During the experiment, the scientist has filled its natural gases contain, according to Miller, the earth's atmosphere to the origin of life (hydrogen, methane and ammonia). Bottom flask contained water.
Scientists suggest that the electric discharge will be formed organized home chemical compounds, and once in the water, they will react with each other. Results of the reaction was to be the formation of complex molecules. Indeed water bottom flask turned into a "stock" of amino acids. Thus, Miller was able to demonstrate organized home how easy it could be molecules that are the basis of life.
Stanley Miller's opponents argued that the Earth's atmosphere include organized home other gases -azot and carbon dioxide. The apparatus used for the experiment by Miller, this gas mixture gave a negligible concentration of organic compounds. It is unlikely that such a weak solution could be life. It was suggested that the primary organic matter fell to Earth from space with comets, asteroids, meteorites.
Is almost impossible organized home to know which of these versions is the closest to the truth. organized home However, we can take for granted that it is the basis of life was "primordial soup." Substance contained united in small droplets within which chemical organized home reactions occur. These droplets and